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| Advisor(s) | Sianipar, Masria Phetheresia | |
| Author(s) | SIAHAAN, JONATAN NOPRIYADI | |
| Issued Date | 2026 | |
| Abstract | Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium associated with various skin infections; therefore, a practical cleansing preparation with antibacterial activity is needed. Based on the literature, white frangipani leaves (Plumeria alba L.) contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids/steroids with potential antibacterial properties. This study aimed to formulate paper soap containing ethanol extract and n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions of white frangipani leaves, evaluate its physical quality, and determine its antibacterial activity. This laboratory experimental study employed purposive sampling. The simplicia was extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol, followed by fractionation and formulation at concentrations of 7.5%, 15%, and 22.5%. Data were obtained through simplicia characterization, phytochemical screening, organoleptic evaluation, pH measurement, foam-height testing, weight-uniformity testing, wash-off time testing, and inhibition-zone measurement against S. aureus. The extract yield was 43%, and all tested secondary metabolites were positively detected. Most formulations met the physical evaluation requirements. The highest antibacterial activity was demonstrated by the 22.5% ethyl acetate fraction, with an inhibition zone of 22,58 mm, approaching that of the positive control. In conclusion, white frangipani leaf paper soap met the quality requirements and effectively inhibited S. aureus. Further studies are recommended to investigate the antibacterial activity of other parts of white frangipani (Plumeria alba L.), evaluate the physical stability of the paper soap formulation, and assess its acceptability and safety through hedonic testing or volunteer-based evaluation. Keywords: Antibacterial activity, White frangipani leaf, Fractionation, Paper soap, Staphylococcus aureus. | 1 |
| Item Type | Skripsi | |
| Keywords | Antibakteri (Antibacterial activity), Daun Kamboja Putih (White frangipani leaf), Fraksinasi (Fractionation), Paper soap (Paper soap), Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus). | 1 |
| Collection | Fakultas Farmasi, S1-Farmasi | |
| Publisher | Institut Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua | |
| Submitted Date | 17-09-2026 | |
| Updated Date | 17-09-2026 | |
| URI | No URI | |
| File |
2218092_JONATANNOPRIYADISIAHAAN_SKRIPSI_S1.pdf
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